Which evolutionary adaptation enabled plants to grow tall and compete for sunlight?

• A. The evolution of seeds
• B. The development of vascular tissue (xylem and phloem)
• C. The formation of flowers
• D. The presence of chlorophyll b

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the problem: The question asks which evolutionary adaptation allowed plants to grow tall and compete for sunlight. This requires identifying a structural or functional change in plants that supports vertical growth and efficient resource transport.
2. Review the options: Analyze each option provided. For example, the evolution of seeds is important for reproduction but does not directly contribute to height or sunlight competition. Similarly, the formation of flowers aids in reproduction but is unrelated to vertical growth.
3. Focus on vascular tissue: Vascular tissue, specifically xylem and phloem, is crucial for transporting water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant. Xylem provides structural support, enabling plants to grow tall, while phloem transports food produced during photosynthesis.
4. Connect vascular tissue to sunlight competition: Taller plants with vascular tissue can access more sunlight by growing above shorter plants. This adaptation gives them a competitive advantage in environments where sunlight is limited.
5. Conclude the reasoning: The development of vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) is the correct answer because it directly supports vertical growth and efficient transport, enabling plants to grow tall and compete for sunlight.