An integrated pest-management (IPM) approach to pest control emphasizes which of the following?

• A. Allowing natural pest populations to fluctuate without any human intervention
• B. Using a combination of biological, cultural, physical, and chemical methods to manage pest populations sustainably
• C. Introducing invasive species to control native pest populations
• D. Relying exclusively on chemical pesticides to eliminate pests quickly

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of Integrated Pest Management (IPM): IPM is an ecological approach to pest control that aims to manage pest populations in a sustainable way by minimizing risks to the environment, human health, and non-target organisms.
2. Recognize the key components of IPM: These include biological control (using natural predators or parasites), cultural control (modifying farming practices), physical control (using barriers or traps), and chemical control (using pesticides as a last resort).
3. Eliminate incorrect options: The first option, 'Allowing natural pest populations to fluctuate without any human intervention,' is incorrect because IPM involves active management. The third option, 'Introducing invasive species to control native pest populations,' is incorrect because introducing invasive species can cause ecological harm. The fourth option, 'Relying exclusively on chemical pesticides to eliminate pests quickly,' is incorrect because IPM emphasizes reducing reliance on chemical pesticides.
4. Identify the correct answer: The second option, 'Using a combination of biological, cultural, physical, and chemical methods to manage pest populations sustainably,' aligns with the principles of IPM.
5. Conclude: The correct answer highlights the integrated and sustainable approach of IPM, which balances multiple methods to achieve effective pest control while minimizing environmental impact.