Why is biodiversity important for ecosystems?

• A. It leads to a decrease in the productivity of ecosystems.
• B. It causes ecosystems to become more susceptible to invasive species.
• C. It reduces the number of ecological niches available.
• D. It increases ecosystem stability and resilience to environmental changes.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of biodiversity: Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in all its forms, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. It plays a critical role in maintaining the health and stability of ecosystems.
2. Recognize the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem productivity: High biodiversity often leads to increased productivity because different species contribute unique roles, such as nutrient cycling, pollination, and decomposition, which enhance ecosystem functioning.
3. Analyze the impact of biodiversity on ecosystem resilience: Ecosystems with greater biodiversity are more resilient to environmental changes, such as climate shifts or disturbances, because they have a wider range of species that can adapt and maintain ecosystem functions.
4. Evaluate the incorrect options: The incorrect options suggest that biodiversity decreases productivity, increases susceptibility to invasive species, or reduces ecological niches. These are contrary to scientific evidence, which shows that biodiversity enhances ecosystem stability and provides more ecological niches.
5. Conclude why the correct answer is valid: The correct answer highlights that biodiversity increases ecosystem stability and resilience to environmental changes, which aligns with the scientific understanding of how diverse ecosystems function more effectively and adapt to challenges.