In a laboratory simulation of natural selection in insects, which factor would most likely increase the frequency of a particular trait in the population over several generations?

• A. The trait decreases the insects' ability to find food.
• B. The trait is present only in a few individuals and does not affect survival or reproduction.
• C. The trait provides a survival advantage in the given environment.
• D. The trait makes the insects more visible to predators.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of natural selection: Natural selection is a process where traits that provide a survival or reproductive advantage become more common in a population over generations. Traits that hinder survival or reproduction tend to decrease in frequency.
2. Analyze each option: Evaluate how each trait affects the insects' ability to survive and reproduce. Traits that improve survival or reproduction are more likely to increase in frequency.
3. Option 1: 'The trait decreases the insects' ability to find food.' This would likely reduce survival, as food is essential for energy and reproduction. Therefore, this trait would not increase in frequency.
4. Option 2: 'The trait is present only in a few individuals and does not affect survival or reproduction.' If a trait does not influence survival or reproduction, it is unlikely to be favored by natural selection and would not significantly increase in frequency.
5. Option 3: 'The trait provides a survival advantage in the given environment.' This is the most likely factor to increase the frequency of a trait, as it directly improves the insects' ability to survive and reproduce in their environment. This aligns with the principles of natural selection.