Which of the following are the two main types of immunity in the human immune system?

• A. Innate immunity and adaptive immunity
• B. Cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity
• C. Active immunity and passive immunity
• D. Primary immunity and secondary immunity

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of immunity: Immunity refers to the body's ability to defend itself against pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and other harmful agents.
2. Learn about the two main types of immunity: The human immune system is divided into innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense and is non-specific, while adaptive immunity is specific and develops over time in response to exposure to pathogens.
3. Differentiate between innate and adaptive immunity: Innate immunity includes physical barriers (like skin), chemical barriers (like stomach acid), and immune cells (like macrophages). Adaptive immunity involves specialized cells such as T cells and B cells, which recognize specific antigens and create memory for future responses.
4. Recognize other classifications of immunity: Cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity are subcategories of adaptive immunity. Active immunity and passive immunity refer to how immunity is acquired (e.g., through infection or vaccination versus transfer of antibodies). Primary and secondary immunity describe the immune response during first and subsequent exposures to a pathogen.
5. Identify the correct answer: The two main types of immunity in the human immune system are innate immunity and adaptive immunity, as they encompass the broad categories of immune responses.