13. Mendelian Genetics

Introduction to Mendel's Experiments

Gregor Mendel

Why Pea Plants?

Gregor Mendel's Pea Experiment

How Mendel's pea plants helped us understand genetics - Hortensia Jiménez Díaz

 carry different genes for different traits 

 No. Pairs of homologous chromosomes carry the same genes. 

 No. This is not true of homologous chromosomes. 

 are not both present in diploid somatic cells 

 No. They are both present in diploid somatic cells. 

are paired up in the G2 phase of the cell cycle

 No. Homologous chromosomes pair up during meiosis. Review the events of mitosis and meiosis. 

What is the same about homologous chromosomes, and what is different?

Homologous pairs of chromosomes often __________.

GCSE Biology - Gregor Mendel and the History of Genetics #76

 No. This is the number of gametes that an individual heterozygous at a single locus would make. 

No. This would be the number produced for an individual heterozygous at three loci (23 = 8).

No. This would be the number produced for an individual heterozygous at four loci (24 = 16).

No. This would be the number produced for an individual heterozygous at five loci (25 = 32).

Examine each locus individually and then calculate the overall number.

An individual with the genotype AABbCcDD can make how many different kinds of gametes?

 Different alleles are different DNA sequences found at the same locus on sister chromatids. 

 No. Unless a mutation has occurred during DNA synthesis, sister chromatids will always carry the same allele. 

 Different alleles are different particles found in gametes. 

 No. Mendel referred to hereditary "particles" because of their discrete nature, but alleles are DNA sequences, and they are found in all cells, not just gametes. 

 Different alleles are different phenotypes for a particular character. 

 No. An allele is a DNA sequence. It is expressed as a phenotype. 

 None of the listed responses is correct. 

 No. One of the listed responses is correct. 

 Different alleles are different DNA sequences found at the same locus on homologous chromosomes. 

How do alleles relate to chromosomes?

Physically, what are different alleles?

 if the plant were allowed to self-pollinate, the dominant and recessive traits would consistently appear in a 3:1 ratio among the progeny 

 No. All the progeny would show the same phenotype. 

 the plant is heterozygous for the trait 

 No. The plant is homozygous for the trait. 

 if the plant were crossed with a heterozygote, one-half of the progeny would show the dominant trait, and one-half would show the recessive trait 

 No. All the progeny would show the dominant trait. 

 No. Even the genes of true-breeding varieties can mutate. 

 if the plant were allowed to self-pollinate, all of the progeny would have the dominant trait 

A testcross involving the plant would produce only progeny with the dominant phenotype.

If a plant variety is true-breeding for a dominant trait, then __________.

Is easy to control which plants mate with each other.

Has only a few traits that appear in two easily distinguishable forms.

The pea plant (Pisum sativum) is a good choice for studying heredity because it:

Mendelian Monohybrid Cross

Genetics - Lost and Found: Crash Course History of Science #25

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1. Introduction to Biology

2. Chemistry

3. Water

4. Biomolecules

5. Cell Components

6. The Membrane

7. Energy and Metabolism

8. Respiration

9. Photosynthesis

10. Cell Signaling

11. Cell Division

12. Meiosis

14. DNA Synthesis

15. Gene Expression

16. Regulation of Expression

17. Viruses

18. Biotechnology

19. Genomics

20. Development

21. Evolution by Natural Selection

22. Evolution of Populations

23. Speciation

24. History of Life on Earth

25. Phylogeny

26. Prokaryotes

27. Protists

28. Plants

29. Fungi

30. Overview of Animals

31. Invertebrates

32. Vertebrates

33. Plant Anatomy

34. Vascular Plant Transport

35. Soil

36. Plant Reproduction

37. Plant Sensation and Response

38. Animal Form and Function