Which of the following best describes a good scientific hypothesis?

• A. It is a proven fact.
• B. It is testable and falsifiable.
• C. It cannot be disproven.
• D. It is a random guess.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the definition of a scientific hypothesis. A scientific hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon based on observations and prior knowledge. It serves as a starting point for further investigation.
2. Step 2: Recognize the key characteristics of a good scientific hypothesis. It must be testable, meaning it can be evaluated through experiments or observations, and falsifiable, meaning it can be proven wrong if evidence contradicts it.
3. Step 3: Eliminate incorrect options. A hypothesis is not a proven fact because it is subject to testing and validation. It is also not a random guess, as it is based on prior knowledge and logical reasoning. Additionally, a hypothesis must be falsifiable, so it cannot be something that cannot be disproven.
4. Step 4: Compare the remaining options to the characteristics of a good hypothesis. The option 'It is testable and falsifiable' aligns with the definition and requirements of a scientific hypothesis.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the best description of a good scientific hypothesis is 'It is testable and falsifiable,' as this ensures it can be scientifically evaluated and refined based on evidence.