Homology is evidence of ______.

• A. artificial selection
• B. genetic drift
• C. convergent evolution
• D. common ancestry

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of homology: Homology refers to similarities between traits in different species that are inherited from a common ancestor. These traits can be anatomical, molecular, or developmental.
2. Eliminate incorrect options: Artificial selection is a process where humans selectively breed organisms for desired traits, which is unrelated to homology. Genetic drift refers to random changes in allele frequencies in a population, which also does not explain homology.
3. Analyze convergent evolution: Convergent evolution occurs when unrelated species develop similar traits due to similar environmental pressures, not because of shared ancestry. This is the opposite of homology, which is based on common ancestry.
4. Focus on the correct answer: Homology provides evidence of common ancestry because the shared traits are inherited from a shared ancestor, rather than arising independently.
5. Conclude: The correct answer is 'common ancestry,' as homology directly supports the idea that species with homologous traits share a common evolutionary origin.