___________ are an organized layer of polysaccharides tightly anchored to the cell wall.

• A. Capsules
• B. Periplasms
• C. Slime-layers
• D. Teichoic acids
• E. Lipopolysaccharides

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context: The problem is asking about a specific structure associated with bacterial cells, particularly focusing on polysaccharides and their organization.
2. Identify key terms: Polysaccharides are carbohydrates made up of sugar molecules bonded together. In bacteria, they can form various structures that serve different functions.
3. Explore the options: Capsules, periplasms, slime-layers, teichoic acids, and lipopolysaccharides are all components related to bacterial cells. Each has distinct characteristics and functions.
4. Focus on capsules: Capsules are known for being an organized layer of polysaccharides that are tightly anchored to the cell wall. They provide protection and can help in evading the host's immune system.
5. Compare with other options: Slime-layers are similar to capsules but are less organized and loosely attached. Periplasms refer to the space between the inner and outer membranes in Gram-negative bacteria. Teichoic acids are found in the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria, and lipopolysaccharides are components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.