Homeostasis is best described as which of the following?

• A. A process in which organisms convert light energy into chemical energy stored in sugars
• B. The maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment
• C. A rapid increase in body temperature that occurs during infection to inhibit pathogen growth
• D. The breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules, releasing energy for cellular work

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of homeostasis as a fundamental biological process that maintains internal stability within an organism.
2. Recognize that homeostasis involves regulating factors such as temperature, pH, and other internal conditions to keep them within a narrow, optimal range.
3. Compare the given options to the definition of homeostasis: it is not about energy conversion (photosynthesis), fever response, or molecule breakdown (catabolism).
4. Identify that the correct description of homeostasis is the maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment.
5. Conclude that homeostasis is essential for organisms to function properly and survive in varying external conditions.