Bacteria use restriction enzymes to __________.

• A. synthesize DNA
• B. synthesize RNA
• C. synthesize protein
• D. destroy foreign protein
• E. destroy foreign DNA

Answer: (E)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of restriction enzymes: Restriction enzymes are proteins used by bacteria to protect themselves from foreign DNA, such as that from viruses. They act as molecular scissors to cut DNA at specific sequences.
2. Identify the target of restriction enzymes: These enzymes specifically recognize and cut DNA sequences, not RNA or proteins. This is crucial for their role in defense against viral infections.
3. Clarify the mechanism: When foreign DNA enters a bacterial cell, restriction enzymes identify specific sequences within this DNA and cleave it, thereby inactivating the potential threat.
4. Differentiate between synthesis and destruction: Restriction enzymes do not synthesize DNA, RNA, or proteins. Their primary function is to destroy foreign DNA by cutting it into smaller fragments.
5. Conclude the purpose: The main purpose of restriction enzymes in bacteria is to destroy foreign DNA, thereby protecting the bacterial cell from potential harm.