Which function makes meiosis lengthier and more complex than mitosis?

• A. Decreasing the chromosome number to haploid
• B. Introducing genetic variation among the daughter cells
• C. Ensuring that each daughter cell gets a single, complete set of chromosomes
• D. Undergoing two rounds of cytokinesis
• E. All of the listed responses are correct.

Answer: (E)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four haploid cells, each genetically distinct from the parent cell. This is different from mitosis, which results in two identical diploid cells.
2. Recognize that meiosis involves two rounds of division: meiosis I and meiosis II. This is one reason why meiosis is lengthier and more complex than mitosis, which only involves one round of division.
3. Consider the role of genetic variation. Meiosis introduces genetic variation through processes such as crossing over (exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes) and independent assortment (random distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes into gametes).
4. Acknowledge that meiosis ensures each daughter cell receives a single, complete set of chromosomes, which is crucial for maintaining genetic stability across generations.
5. Realize that all these functions—reducing chromosome number, introducing genetic variation, ensuring complete chromosome sets, and undergoing two rounds of cytokinesis—contribute to the complexity and length of meiosis compared to mitosis.