The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome is properly called __________.

• A. a chromatid
• B. a centromere
• C. a chromoplast
• D. a centrosome
• E. chromatin

Answer: (E)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the structure of eukaryotic chromosomes: Eukaryotic chromosomes are composed of DNA and proteins. The DNA is tightly packed and organized with proteins to form a complex structure.
2. Identify the role of proteins in chromosome structure: Proteins, particularly histones, help in the packaging of DNA into a compact form, allowing it to fit within the nucleus of a cell.
3. Define chromatin: Chromatin is the term used to describe the complex of DNA and proteins found in eukaryotic cells. It is the material that makes up chromosomes and is essential for DNA packaging, replication, and gene expression.
4. Differentiate between chromatin and other terms: Chromatid refers to one of the two identical halves of a replicated chromosome. A centromere is the region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids are joined. Chromoplasts are pigment-containing organelles in plants, and centrosomes are structures involved in cell division.
5. Conclude with the correct term: Based on the definitions, the complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome is called chromatin.