At which point in a study is a scientific investigator most likely to use deductive reasoning?

• A. During initial observation(s)
• B. During the formulation of a hypothesis
• C. In rephrasing an alternative hypothesis
• D. In establishing a test of a hypothesis

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning involves making generalizations based on specific observations, while deductive reasoning involves starting with a general statement or hypothesis and examining the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion.
2. Recognize that deductive reasoning is used to test hypotheses. It starts with a general statement or hypothesis and examines the logical outcomes that should be observed if the hypothesis is true.
3. Identify the point in the scientific method where a hypothesis is tested. This is typically after the hypothesis has been formulated and before the results are analyzed.
4. Consider the role of deductive reasoning in establishing a test of a hypothesis. This involves predicting specific outcomes that should occur if the hypothesis is correct, allowing the investigator to design experiments or observations to test these predictions.
5. Conclude that deductive reasoning is most likely used in establishing a test of a hypothesis, as it involves deriving specific predictions from the general hypothesis to determine its validity.