12. Meiosis

Homologous Chromosomes

Chromosomes and Karyotypes

A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is
a. a sperm.
b. an egg.
c. a zygote.
d. a somatic cell of a male.

What is a Chromosome?

 No. Each tetrad consists of two chromosomes. 

 No. This is the diploid chromosome number. 

 No. Collectively, such tetrads would consist of 16 chromatids. 

Drawing a diagram could help you find the answer.

An organism has a haploid chromosome number n = 4. How many tetrads will form during meiosis?

Using high-speed video, researchers have measured several variables associated with sporangium discharge in various spore-shooting fungi. Based on the data in the table shown here, how do the launch speed and acceleration of Pilobolus compare with those of the other fungi? How does launch speed for each species compare with the top speed of 44 km/h reached by Jamaican athlete Usain Bolt during his 2009 world-record-setting race? <IMAGE>

The human karyotype shown below:<img src="https://static.studychannel-prd.pearsonprd.tech/courses/biology/thumbnails/images/3df1d80b" class="fr-fic fr-dii">a) Is of a haploid cell.b) Is from a gamete.c) Shows 23 chromosomes.d) All of the above.

In the sequence of the DNA making up each of the chromosomes.

In the relative position of the genes present on each of the chromosomes.

They cannot differ if they are homologous.

In the kinds of genes present on each of the chromosomes.

How might the two members of a pair of homologous chromosomes differ from each other?a) In the sequence of the DNA making up each of the chromosomes.b) In the relative position of the genes present on each of the chromosomes.c) They cannot differ if they are homologous.d) In the kinds of genes present on each of the chromosomes.

 No. An individual's physical traits are a component of his or her phenotype. 

 a method of identifying crossover events 

 No. Karyotypes cannot be used to identify crossover events. 

 all the possible gametes a person could produce 

 No. This is not the purpose of producing a karyotype. 

 a list of all the genes a person carries 

 No. This does not describe a karyotype. 

 a photograph of all the chromosomes in a single cell from an individual 

The prefix "karyo-" refers to the nucleus.

A karyotype is __________.

 The cells formed have the same combination of genes as found in the initial cell. 

 No. Remember that independent assortment and crossing over occur during meiosis. 

 No. This occurs during both mitosis and meiosis. 

 Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the spindle. 

What is fundamentally different about metaphase in mitosis and metaphase I in meiosis?

Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not mitosis?

 No. Sister chromatids are involved in any type of cell division. They are formed during DNA synthesis. 

 are pairs of chromosomes, one of which comes from the father and one of which comes from the mother 

 No. Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes, including a maternal and a paternal chromosome. 

 have the same gene loci but may have different alleles of some genes 

 No. This is a description of homologous chromosomes. 

 are identical copies of each other formed through DNA synthesis 

What are the major differences between sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes?

Sister chromatids __________.

Chromosome Structure and Organization

 They are found in animal cells but not in plant cells. 

 No. Both plant and animal cells contain homologous chromosomes. 

 No. Cells in prophase II are haploid; homologous chromosomes pair up in prophase I. 

 No. Haploid cells have only one of each homologous pair. 

 They are found in the cells of human females but not in those of human males. 

 No. The cells of both males and females contain homologous chromosomes. 

 They have genes for the same traits at the same loci. 

Consider the meaning of the prefix&nbsp;"homo-."

Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is correct?

Homologous pairs of chromosomes                   .
a. are two different chromosomes attached to each other;
b. are exact copies of one chromosome that are attached to each other;
c. are separated from each other during meiosis I;
d. are separated from each other during interphase;
e. are chromosomes that carry different genes

What are Chromosomes?

How DNA is Packaged (Advanced)

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General Biology

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Stated Clearly

Amoeba Sisters

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Bozeman Science

1. Introduction to Biology

2. Chemistry

3. Water

4. Biomolecules

5. Cell Components

6. The Membrane

7. Energy and Metabolism

8. Respiration

9. Photosynthesis

10. Cell Signaling

11. Cell Division

13. Mendelian Genetics

14. DNA Synthesis

15. Gene Expression

16. Regulation of Expression

17. Viruses

18. Biotechnology

19. Genomics

20. Development

21. Evolution by Natural Selection

22. Evolution of Populations

23. Speciation

24. History of Life on Earth

25. Phylogeny

26. Prokaryotes

27. Protists

28. Plants

29. Fungi

30. Overview of Animals

31. Invertebrates

32. Vertebrates