15. Gene Expression

Review of Transcription vs. Translation

Basic Steps of Translation and Transcription

Animation: Overview of Protein Synthesis in Bacteria

No. In eukaryotic cells, the transcription of a pre-mRNA is followed by processing. The mRNA then moves to the cytoplasm, where ribosomes construct a polypeptide based on the codons in the RNA. The polypeptide is then modified, if necessary.

Consider the molecules involved in the transfer of information from DNA to protein.

What is their proper sequence for these steps? 1. translation 2. RNA processing 3. transcription 4. modification of protein

Animation: Overview of Protein Synthesis in Eukaryotes

DNA Transcription and Translation | DNA to Protein

From DNA to protein - 3D

No. Translation only involves RNA (rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA), and thymine is only present in DNA.

when an mRNA codon paired with a tRNA anticodon

Consider the specific nucleotides that are under consideration.

At one point, as a cell carried out its day-to-day activities, the nucleotides GAT were paired with the nucleotides CUA. This pairing occurred __________.

Replicated DNA leaves the nucleus, is transported to a ribosome, and catalyzes the polymerization of amino acids in a protein.

No. DNA does not leave the nucleus and does not participate in the translation process.

DNA exchanges its thymine units with uracil in polymerase. This activates polymerase, and it starts joining amino acids together.

Transfer RNAs line up on a ribosome, and amino acids bind to them with hydrogen bonds.

No. Translation does not work in this way.

Messenger RNA is made on a DNA template, and then amino-acid-bearing transfer RNAs bind to the mRNA through codon-anticodon pairing.

Follow the flow of information in the cell and think about the meanings of transcription and translation.

Which summary of protein synthesis is correct?

Which of the following polypeptide chains are synthesized from the RNA sequence:5’ – AUGAUCCGAAGUGGCACAGCAUAA - 3’<img src="https://static.studychannel.pearsonprd.tech/courses/biology/thumbnails/62caaf08" class="fr-fic fr-dii">

The primary cause of death from αα-amanitin poisoning is liver failure. Suppose a physician informs you that liver cells die because their rate of protein production falls below a level needed to maintain active metabolism. Given that αα-amanitin is an inhibitor of transcription, you wonder if this information is correct. Propose an experiment to determine whether the toxin also has an effect on protein synthesis.

Transcription vs. Translation

Consider a DNA coding strand with the following sequence: &nbsp;3’-C T T C A T A G C T C G-5’.Use the genetic code to determine the corresponding amino acid sequence of the translated protein. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; DNA Coding Strand: 3’- C &nbsp;T &nbsp;T &nbsp;C &nbsp;A &nbsp;T &nbsp;A &nbsp;G &nbsp;C &nbsp;T &nbsp;C &nbsp;G -5’ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;mRNA Strand: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Protein Sequence: <img src="https://lightcat-files.s3.amazonaws.com/problem_images/57207325aab6c1e1-1613589719826.jpg" class="fr-fic fr-dii">

No. Polysomes are involved in translation.

groups of lysosomes degrading the same protein

groups of ribosomes translating the same mRNA

What does the prefix "poly-" stand for?

Polysomes may be defined as __________.

Consider a DNA template strand of the following sequence: 5’-A C T G C C A G G A A T-3’.A) What is the sequence of the corresponding DNA coding strand? &nbsp;Include directionality.&nbsp; &nbsp;DNA Template Strand: &nbsp;5’-A C T G C C A G G A A T-3’. &nbsp; &nbsp;DNA Coding Strand: B) What is the sequence of the corresponding mRNA strand? &nbsp;Include directionality.&nbsp; &nbsp;mRNA Strand:

BioFlix: Protein Synthesis

Multidirectional Transcription & Translation.

What is the central dogma of molecular biology directly referring to?

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Introduction to Types of RNA

Central Dogma

Genetic Code

Steps of Translation

Introduction to Transcription

Steps of Transcription

Introduction to Translation

Mutations

Eukaryotic RNA Processing and Splicing

Post-Translational Modification

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