3. Energy & Cell Processes

Befre a cell divides, what must occur?

When cells exit either semi-permanently or permanently from the cell cycle and develop a specific function, they are said to be in _____ phase.

Mark the following statements about the cell cycle as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

During metaphase, the sister chromatids are pulled apart and the chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell.

Mark the following statements about the cell cycle as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

The first three stages of the cell cycle are collectively called interphase.

Match the following terms with the correct definitions. 

G1     

Metaphase     

S phase     

Cytokinesis 

Telophase

M phase

G2 

Anaphase

a. Division of the cytoplasm

b. Second growth stage of the cell cycle

c. Stage of the cell cycle in which the cell divides

d. Stage of mitosis in which the sister chromatids line up on the cell's equator

e. Stage of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated

f. Stage of mitosis in which the chromosomes move to opposite poles of the cell

g. Initial growth phase of the cell cycle

h. Stage of mitosis in which the nuclear envelopes reassemble 

Write a single sentence, using no more than 25 words, to summarize each of the following cellular processes:

Mitosis

The phase of mitosis during which centrioles reach the poles and chromosomes attach to the spindle is

a. Anaphase

b. Metaphase

c. Prophase

d. Telophase

Two examples of chemotherapeutic drugs (drugs used to treat cancer) and their cellular actions are listed below. Explain why each drug could be fatal to a cell. • Vincristine (brand name Oncovin): damages the mitotic spindle • Doxorubicin (Adriamycin): binds to DNA and blocks mRNA synthesis

Cell division typically yields two daughter cells, each with one nucleus. How is the occasional binucleate condition of liver cells explained?

Contrast cytokinesis, interphase, and mitosis.

The interphase of the cell life cycle is divided into

(a) Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

(b) G₀, G₁, S, and G₂

(c) Mitosis and cytokinesis

(d) All of these

List, in sequence, the phases of the interphase stage of the cell life cycle, and briefly describe what happens in each.

List the stages of mitosis, and briefly describe the events that occur in each.

(a) What is cytokinesis?