3. Energy &amp; Cell Processes

What type of bonding is responsible for maintaining the shape of the tRNA molecule shown in the figure?

3129

The tRNA shown in the figure has its 3′ end projecting beyond its 5′ end. Which of the following processes will occur at this 3′ end?

2669

A ribosome has three tRNA binding sites. Which answer matches the tRNA binding site with the correct function:

2555

Which of the following statements concerning ribosomes are true?

3165

The direction of ribosome movement during translation is in the ______________.

1611

Many antibiotics work by blocking the function of ribosomes. Therefore, these antibiotics will:

1561

During translation in a eukaryotic cell, __________.

686

Cells are able to distinguish proteins destined for secretion or for segregation to specific intracellular compartments from those that will remain in the cytoplasm because __________.

509

Which component is not directly involved in translation? a. GTP b. DNA c. tRNA d. ribosomes

1259

Translation results in the production of . a. RNA; b. DNA; c. protein; d. individual amino acids; e. transfer RNA molecules

462

Within a cell, the amount of protein made using a given mRNA molecule depends partly on a. the degree of DNA methylation. b. the rate at which the mRNA is degraded. c. the number of introns present in the mRNA. d. the types of ribosomes present in the cytoplasm.

957

Controlling the rates of transcription and translation is important in bacteria to avoid collisions between ribosomes and RNA polymerases. Calculate what the maximum rate of translation by a ribosome in a bacterial cell would have to be, in units of amino acids per second, so as not to overtake an RNA polymerase that is synthesizing mRNA at a rate of 60 nucleotides per second. How long would it take for this bacterial cell to translate an mRNA containing 1800 codons?

587

401

Each of the following statements about protein synthesis is false. Correct each to make a true statement.

a. In a gene, each nucleotide specifies one amino acid in a protein sequence.

Write a single sentence, using no more than 25 words, to summarize each of the following cellular processes:

f. Translation