17. The Blood

A hemoglobin molecule is composed of:

(a) Two protein chains

(b) Three protein chains

(c) Four protein chains and nothing else

(d) Four protein chains and four heme groups

(e) Four heme groups but no protein

The normal pH of the blood is about:

a. 8.4

b. 7.8

c. 7.4

d. 4.7

What five major functions are performed by blood?

List the three major categories of formed elements

Which is least numerous?

Which comprise(s) the buffy coat in a hematocrit tube?

More than one choice may apply. Plasma without the clotting proteins is called

a. Serum

b. Whole blood

c. Fibrin

d. Tissue factor

Name the three major types of plasma proteins and identify their functions.

Albumin

a. is a blood buffer.

b. helps maintain blood's osmotic pressure.

c. distributes body heat.

d. transports certain molecules.

If you had a high hematocrit, would you expect your hemoglobin determination to be low or high? Why?

Describe the process of erythropoiesis

What name is given to the immature cell type released to the circulation?

How does it differ from a mature erythrocyte?

Name as many different categories of substances carried in plasma as you can.

Name the formed elements that arise from myeloid stem cells. Name those arising from lymphoid stem cells.

Describe the appearance of platelets and state their major function

Why should platelets not be called 'cells'?

Erythropoietin directly stimulates RBC formation by:

(a) Increasing rates of mitotic divisions in erythroblasts

(b) Speeding up the maturation of red blood cells

(c) Accelerating the rate of hemoglobin synthesis

(d) All of these

If you had a high hematocrit, would you expect your hemoglobin determination to be high or low? Why?

The waste product bilirubin is formed from:

(a) Transferrin

(b) Globin

(c) Heme

(d) Hemosiderin

(e) Ferritin