25. The Urinary System

Identify the structure that connects the kidney to the urinary bladder, facilitating the transport of urine:

Trace the pathway a creatinine molecule takes from a glomerulus to the urethra. Name every microscopic or gross structure it passes through on its journey.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. Internally, the kidneys consist of an outer renal medulla, a middle renal pelvis, and an inner renal cortex.

More than one choice may apply.

Urine passes through the ureters by which mechanism?

a. Ciliary action

b. Gravity alone

c. Peristalsis

d. Suction

Which of the following is not a physiological process carried out by the kidneys?

a. Blood pressure regulation

b. Tubular reabsorption

c. Tubular secretion

d. Glomerular filtration

e. All of the above are physiological processes carried out by the kidneys.

How does urinary bladder anatomy support its storage function?

Define micturition and describe the micturition reflex.

Define micturition, and describe the micturition reflex.

What are the four main organs of the urinary system?

Fill in the blanks for each of the following statements:

a. The process by which urine is eliminated is called _____, and it is mediated by reflexes involving the _____ nervous system.

b. The mucosa of the organs of the urinary tract is lined with _____ epithelium.

c. The three layers of smooth muscle in the urinary bladder are known as the _____ muscle.

d. The female urethra provides a passageway for _____, whereas the male urethra provides a passageway for _____ and _____.

Explain why urinary tract infections, which involve the urethra and urinary bladder, are much more common in females than males.

What are the primary functions of the urinary system?

Trace the pathway of the protein-free filtrate from where it is produced in the renal corpuscle until it drains into the renal pelvis in the form of urine. (Use arrows to indicate the direction of flow.)

Describe the urine voiding reflex.