In mammals, what part of the brain plays a primary role in regulating homeostasis (e.g., body temperature, hunger, and water balance)?

• A. Cerebellum
• B. Hippocampus
• C. Hypothalamus
• D. Medulla oblongata

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment, including factors like body temperature, hunger, and water balance.
2. Recall the major parts of the mammalian brain and their primary functions: the cerebellum is mainly involved in motor control, the hippocampus in memory formation, the medulla oblongata in autonomic functions like breathing and heart rate.
3. Identify the hypothalamus as the brain region responsible for regulating homeostasis by controlling the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system.
4. Recognize that the hypothalamus monitors internal conditions and sends signals to maintain balance, such as triggering hunger or thirst and regulating body temperature.
5. Conclude that among the given options, the hypothalamus plays the primary role in regulating homeostasis in mammals.