Which part of the brain is the primary control center for maintaining homeostasis (e.g., regulating body temperature, hunger, thirst, and circadian rhythms)?

• A. Hippocampus
• B. Cerebellum
• C. Medulla oblongata
• D. Hypothalamus

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of homeostasis: it is the process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment despite external changes.
2. Identify the brain regions listed: Hippocampus (involved in memory), Cerebellum (coordinates movement), Medulla oblongata (controls autonomic functions like breathing and heart rate), and Hypothalamus.
3. Recall that the hypothalamus is responsible for regulating vital functions such as body temperature, hunger, thirst, and circadian rhythms, all key aspects of homeostasis.
4. Recognize that the hypothalamus acts as the primary control center by receiving signals from the body and initiating responses to maintain balance.
5. Conclude that among the options, the hypothalamus is the correct answer because it directly controls homeostatic processes.