12. Meiosis

Genes & Alleles

What is an Allele? Quick Definition

All human cells, except sex cells, are diploid and have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Human sex cells, such as egg and sperm, are haploid and have _______ chromosomes.a) 23b) 12c) 11.5d) 46

If humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, each carrying hundreds to thousands of genes, roughly how many genes are there in the human genome?
a. 23;
b. 46;
c. 1000;
d. 20,000;
e. 200,000

A cell that has 2 copies of each chromosome is called a __________ cell:a) Sperm.b) Diploid.c) Haploid.d) Gamete.

Evaluate the following statements about mushrooms. Select True or False for each statement.
T/F A diploid zygote is formed when a male spore fertilizes a female spore.
T/F Haploid spores are formed by meiosis in basidia.
T/F A mushroom is a reproductive structure that consists largely of dikaryotic cells.
T/F Mushrooms are part of the group that also includes bracket fungi, boletes, puffballs, and stinkhorns.

Alleles and Genes

Genes & Alleles Example 1

8.1 Genes and Alleles

Alternate forms of the same gene are called:a) Chromatids.b) Centromeres.c) Chromosomes.d) Alleles.

 No. There may be thousands on a single chromosome. The answer is much higher. 

 No. Although the precise number of genes in the genome is not yet known, it has been estimated to be less than this. 

Consider how many genes are present on each chromosome.

How many genes are present in the human genome?

Plant species A has a diploid chromosome number of 12. Plant species B has a diploid number of 16. A new species, C, arises as an allopolyploid from A and B. The diploid number for species C would probably be
a. 14.
b. 16.
c. 28.
d. 56.

Chromosomes, DNA, Genes and Alleles

An allele is a                   .
a. version of a gene;
b. dysfunctional gene;
c. protein;
d. spare copy of a gene;
e. phenotype

Which of the following statements correctly describe the relationship between genes and chromosomes?
a. Genes are chromosomes;
b. Chromosomes contain many genes;
c. Genes are made up of hundreds or thousands of chromosomes;
d. Genes are assorted independently during meiosis, but chromosomes are not;
e. More than one of the above is correct.

What is an allele? | Animation | Minute to Understanding

Chromosome, Gene, Trait, Allele, Locus, Dominant, and Recessive | The Biology Central | Genetics

Haploid vs. Diploid Cells

 A structure that appears during prophase I and consists of two paired genes 

 No. A locus is not a physical structure. 

 No. A locus does not refer to a DNA sequence. 

 The precise location of a gene on a chromosome 

Think about Latin roots.

What is a locus?

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