Which of the following is an example of a nonspecific immune response?

• A. Production of antibodies by B cells
• B. Inflammation at the site of injury
• C. Recognition of antigens by memory cells
• D. Activation of cytotoxic T cells

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of nonspecific immune response: Nonspecific immune responses are general defense mechanisms that do not target specific pathogens. They act as the body's first line of defense and include processes like inflammation, fever, and physical barriers such as skin and mucous membranes.
2. Review the options provided in the question: Analyze each option to determine whether it represents a nonspecific or specific immune response. Specific immune responses involve targeted actions against particular pathogens, such as antibody production or activation of specific immune cells.
3. Option 1: 'Production of antibodies by B cells' - This is part of the specific immune response because antibodies are produced to target specific antigens.
4. Option 3: 'Recognition of antigens by memory cells' - This is also part of the specific immune response, as memory cells are involved in recognizing and responding to previously encountered antigens.
5. Option 4: 'Activation of cytotoxic T cells' - This is a specific immune response because cytotoxic T cells target and destroy infected or abnormal cells. Option 2, 'Inflammation at the site of injury,' is a nonspecific immune response because it is a general reaction to injury or infection, aimed at preventing further damage and promoting healing.