23. The Digestive System

How would the gallbladder respond to an increase in cholecystokinin in the blood?

Which of the following best describes the role of bile salts in lipid digestion?

a. Bile salts begin chemical digestion of lipids.

b. Bile salts bind to lipids and physically break them apart into monoglycerides and free fatty acids.

c. Bile salts bind to lipids and physically break them apart into smaller pieces.

d. Bile salts interact with pancreatic lipase and catalyze lipid breakdown.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

The exocrine cells of the pancreas and salivary glands are islet cells.

Lipids associate with bile salts in the small intestine to form_____ . In the enterocyte, lipids are packaged with other lipids into______.

The common hepatic duct and main pancreatic duct enter into the:

a. Pyloric sphincter

b. Duodenum

c. Ileum

d. Cecum

The site of production of cholecystokinin is:

a. The stomach

b. The small intestine

c. The pancreas

d. The large intestine

More than one choice may apply.

The pH of chyme entering the duodenum is adjusted by

a. Bile

b. Intestinal juice

c. Enzyme secretions from the pancreas

d. Bicarbonate-rich secretions from the pancreas

Mr. Williams presents to your clinic with a complaint of abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant. He says that the pain worsens when he eats, particularly when he eats fatty meals. He has noticed that his stool has been an unusual clay color recently. You perform an ultrasound of his abdomen and find that gallstones are blocking his common bile duct, preventing bile from entering the duodenum.

You test Mr. Williams's stool and find high amounts of undigested fats. Explain this finding.