12. The Central Nervous System

Central pattern generators (CPGs) are found at the segmental level of motor control.

a. What is the job of the CPGs?

b. What controls them, and where is this control localized?

Mark the following statements about the spinal cord as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

The spinal cord extends from the foramen magnum to the level between the first and second lumbar vertebrae.

Choose the proper term to respond to the statements describing various brain areas.

a. Cerebellum

b. Corpora quadrigemina

c. Corpus callosum

d. Hypothalamus

e. Medulla

f. Midbrain

g. Pons

h. Thalamus

3. Houses the substantia nigra and cerebral aqueduct

Infants have little to no control of the movements of their head. One of the consequences of this is that they are susceptible to shaken baby syndrome, caused by vigorous shaking of an infant or young child by the arms, legs, chest, or shoulders. Forceful shaking can cause brain damage leading to mental retardation, speech and learning disabilities, paralysis, seizures, hearing loss, and even death. Damage to which areas of the brain would account for the clinical signs observed in this syndrome?

The central nervous system is responsible for:

a. Integrative functions

b. Sensory functions

c. Motor functions

d. Both b and c are correct

Choose the proper term to respond to the statements describing various brain areas.

a. Cerebellum

b. Corpora quadrigemina

c. Corpus callosum

d. Hypothalamus

e. Medulla

f. Midbrain

g. Pons

h. Thalamus

7. Brain area most concerned with equilibrium, body posture, and coordination of motor activity.