20. Lymphatic System

Blood plasma and lymph are identical except for their respective locations in the body.

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What part of the lymphatic system is most closely associated with capillary beds?

How are collecting lymphatic vessels different from veins?

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All lymph is eventually returned to circulation via the __________.

Which of the following is NOT a function of lymphatic vessels?

One of the major functions of the lymphatic system is __________.

What lymphatic vessel collects interstitial fluid?

What lymphatic structure absorbs lipids in the intestine?

Which sequence best describes the flow of lymph through the lymphatic system?

Which statement below describes the lymphatic system's role in relation to the cardiovascular system?

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Which statement is true of the thoracic duct?

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of lymphatic vessels?

Which of the following vessels transport interstitial fluid that leaks from the vascular system back into the blood?

Which of the following lymphatic trunks is unpaired?

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Which of the following features is NOT common to both lymphatic collecting ducts and veins?

Lymphatic vessels a. serve as sites for immune surveillance, b. filter lymph, c. transport leaked plasma proteins and fluids to the cardiovascular system, d. are represented by vessels that resemble arteries, capillaries, and veins.

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Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Lymph capillaries a. are open-ended, like drinking straws. b. have continuous tight junctions, like the capillaries of the brain. c. contain endothelial cells separated by flaplike valves that can open wide. d. have special barriers that stop cancer cells from entering.

The sac that often forms the initial portion of the thoracic duct is the a. lacteal, b. right lymphatic duct, c. cisterna chyli, d. lymph sac.

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Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Which parts of the lymph node show increased activity when antibody production is high? a. b. c. d.

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Lymph from the right arm, the right half of the head, and the right chest is received by the (a) cisterna chyli, (b) right lymphatic duct, (c) right thoracic duct, (d) aorta.

Entry of lymph into the lymphatic capillaries is promoted by which of the following? a. one-way minivalves formed by overlapping endothelial cells, b. the respiratory pump, c. the skeletal muscle pump, d. greater fluid pressure in the interstitial space.

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Which of the following connect to the lymph node at the hilum? a. Afferent lymphatic vessels b. Efferent lymphatic vessels c. Trabeculae d. Anchoring filaments

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Anatomically, lymphatic vessels resemble (a) elastic arteries, (b) muscular arteries, (c) arterioles, (d) medium veins, (e) the venae cavae.

Lymph nodes are densely clustered in all of the following body areas except a. brain, b. the axillae, c. the groin, d. the cervical region.

116

Compare and contrast blood, interstitial fluid, and lymph.

a. Which anatomical characteristic ensures that the flow of lymph through a lymph node is slow? b. Why is this desirable?

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There are no lymphatic arteries. Why isn't this a problem?

189

Compare and contrast blood, interstitial fluid, and lymph.

131

Mrs. Jackson, a 59-year-old woman, has undergone a left radical mastectomy (removal of the left breast and left axillary lymph nodes and vessels). Her left arm is severely swollen and painful, and she is unable to raise it to more than shoulder height. a. Explain her signs and symptoms. b. Can she expect to have relief from these symptoms in time? How so?

Mrs. Morrow, a 59-year-old woman, has undergone a left radical mastectomy (removal of the left breast and left axillary lymph nodes and vessels). Her left arm is severely swollen and painful, and she is unable to raise it more than shoulder height. (a) Explain her signs and symptoms. (b) Can she expect relief from these symptoms in time? How so?

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Paula's grandfather is diagnosed as having lung cancer. His physician takes biopsies of several lymph nodes from neighboring regions of the body, and Paula wonders why, since his cancer is in the lungs. What would you tell her?

Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system?

a. Absorption of dietary fats

b. Secretion of digestive enzymes

c. Regulation of interstitial fluid volume

d. Housing and maturation of leukocytes

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

a. Lymphatic vessels constitute a one-way system that delivers interstitial fluid from the blood vessels to the extracellular space.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. Lymph from the lower limbs drains into the right lymphatic duct.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c. Fat-containing lymph from the intestines drains into the cisterna chyli.