Name the following polyatomic ions:c. HSO₃⁻

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the base polyatomic ion: The base ion here is sulfite, which is SO₃²⁻.
2. Recognize the addition of a hydrogen ion: The prefix 'hydrogen' or 'bi' is added to the name of the polyatomic ion when a hydrogen ion (H⁺) is added to it.
3. Combine the names: Since a hydrogen ion is added to sulfite (SO₃²⁻), the resulting ion is called hydrogen sulfite.
4. Note the charge change: Adding a hydrogen ion (H⁺) to sulfite (SO₃²⁻) reduces the charge by one, resulting in HSO₃⁻.
5. Conclude with the name: The polyatomic ion HSO₃⁻ is named hydrogen sulfite.

Key Concepts

Polyatomic Ions

Polyatomic ions are ions that consist of two or more atoms bonded together, which carry a net charge. They can be either positively charged (cations) or negatively charged (anions). Understanding polyatomic ions is essential for naming and writing chemical formulas, as they often appear in various compounds and reactions.

Sulfite Ion

The sulfite ion (SO₃²⁻) is a common polyatomic ion that contains sulfur and oxygen. It has a charge of -2 and is often involved in various chemical reactions, particularly in the context of sulfur compounds. The bisulfite ion (HSO₃⁻) is derived from the sulfite ion by the addition of a hydrogen ion, making it important in acid-base chemistry.

Naming Conventions

Naming conventions for polyatomic ions follow specific rules established by IUPAC. For example, the prefix 'bi-' or 'hydrogen-' is often used to indicate the presence of an additional hydrogen atom in an anion, as seen in the bisulfite ion (HSO₃⁻). Familiarity with these conventions is crucial for accurately identifying and naming chemical species.