Show how ethylamine (C₂H₅NH₂) reacts with hydrochloric acid to form an ethylammonium salt.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the reactants: ethylamine (C₂H₅NH₂) and hydrochloric acid (HCl).
2. Recognize that ethylamine is a weak base and hydrochloric acid is a strong acid.
3. Understand that the reaction involves the transfer of a proton (H⁺) from HCl to the nitrogen atom in ethylamine.
4. Write the chemical equation: C₂H₅NH₂ + HCl → C₂H₅NH₃⁺ + Cl⁻.
5. Recognize that the product is an ethylammonium ion (C₂H₅NH₃⁺) paired with a chloride ion (Cl⁻), forming an ethylammonium chloride salt.

Key Concepts

Acid-Base Reaction

An acid-base reaction involves the transfer of protons (H⁺ ions) between reactants. In this case, hydrochloric acid (HCl) acts as the acid, donating a proton to ethylamine (C₂H₅NH₂), which acts as a base. This reaction results in the formation of an ethylammonium ion (C₂H₅NH₃⁺) and chloride ion (Cl⁻), illustrating the fundamental principles of acid-base chemistry.

Formation of Salts

Salts are ionic compounds formed from the neutralization reaction between an acid and a base. When ethylamine reacts with hydrochloric acid, the ethylammonium ion combines with the chloride ion to form ethylammonium chloride (C₂H₅NH₃Cl). This process is a key concept in understanding how acids and bases interact to create new compounds.

Structural Representation of Molecules

Understanding the structural representation of molecules is crucial for visualizing chemical reactions. The image provided illustrates the molecular structures of ethylamine and hydrochloric acid, as well as the resulting ethylammonium salt. Recognizing how atoms are arranged and how bonds are formed or broken during a reaction helps in predicting the products and understanding the reaction mechanism.