Consider an ion with the symbol X²⁺ formed from a representative element. (6.1, 6.2, 6.3)b. What is the Lewis symbol of the element?

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the representative element that forms the X^{2+} ion. Representative elements are typically found in groups 1, 2, and 13-18 of the periodic table.
2. Determine the original number of valence electrons for the neutral atom of the element. This is usually the same as the group number for representative elements.
3. Since the ion is X^{2+}, it has lost 2 electrons. Subtract 2 from the original number of valence electrons to find the number of electrons in the ion.
4. Draw the Lewis symbol for the neutral atom by placing dots around the element's symbol to represent its valence electrons.
5. Adjust the Lewis symbol for the ion by removing two dots to account for the loss of two electrons, resulting in the Lewis symbol for X^{2+}.

Key Concepts

Ionic Charge

Ionic charge refers to the electrical charge that an atom or molecule carries due to the loss or gain of electrons. In this case, X²⁺ indicates that the element has lost two electrons, resulting in a positive charge. Understanding ionic charge is crucial for determining the electron configuration and the behavior of the element in chemical reactions.

Lewis Symbols

Lewis symbols, also known as Lewis dot structures, represent the valence electrons of an element as dots around its chemical symbol. These symbols help visualize how many electrons are available for bonding. For an element that forms a cation like X²⁺, the Lewis symbol will show fewer dots than the total number of valence electrons, reflecting the loss of electrons.

Representative Elements

Representative elements are found in groups 1, 2, and 13-18 of the periodic table and include metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. These elements typically exhibit predictable behavior in terms of electron configuration and bonding. Understanding the properties of representative elements is essential for predicting how they will form ions and interact with other elements.