25. Urinary System

The perirenal fat capsule is a transparent capsule that prevents infections in surrounding regions from spreading to the kidney.

The __________ is the darker, reddish-brown area of the kidney that exhibits cone-shaped tissue masses called renal pyramids.

__________ are the structural and functional units of the kidneys, which carry out the processes that form urine.

The major calyces are the __________.

Which structure is the muscular tube that delivers urine to the bladder?

Arrange the following structures to represent the sequence in which urine passes through them to the external environment: (1) ureter, (2) renal pelvis, (3) calyx, (4) urinary bladder, and (5) urethra.

The renal hilum lies on the __________ surface of the kidney.

The __________ cushions the kidney and helps attach it to the posterior body wall.

The renal __________ is continuous with the ureter.

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Match each letter from the figure with the correct blood vessel name. Segmental arteries a. b. c. d. e.

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Match each letter from the figure with the correct blood vessel name. Renal artery a. b. c. d. e.

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Match each letter from the figure with the correct blood vessel name. Arcuate vein a. b. c. d. e.

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Match each letter from the figure with the correct blood vessel name. Interlobar vein a. b. c. d. e.

The glomerular capillaries differ from other capillary networks in the body because they a. have a larger area of anastomosis, b. are derived from and drain into arterioles, c. are not made of endothelium, d. are sites of filtrate formation.

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. What is the glomerulus? a. The same as the renal tubule b. The same as Bowman's capsule c. The same as the nephron d. Capillaries

Damage to the renal medulla would interfere first with the functioning of the a. glomerular capsules, b. distal convoluted tubules, c. collecting ducts, d. proximal convoluted tubules.

What is the importance of the perirenal fat capsule that surrounds the kidney?

Describe the location of the kidneys in the body.

Using the image provided, identify and label the cortex, medulla, medullary pyramids, renal columns, and pelvis.

Trace the pathway a creatinine molecule takes from a glomerulus to the urethra. Name every microscopic or gross structure it passes through on its journey.

Under normal resting conditions, the __________ arteries deliver one-fourth of the total cardiac output (about 1200 ml) to the kidneys each minute.

The blood supply leading directly into the nephron is the __________.

The basic functional unit of the kidney is the __________.

The glomerular (Bowman's) capsule and glomerulus make up the __________.