25. Urinary System

Gross anatomy of the kidney

Kidney Anatomy

The Urinary System

 The renal corpuscle is made up of the glomerular capsule and the glomerulus. 

 The glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule and glomerulus make up the __________. 

 There are over 1 million nephrons per kidney. 

 The basic functional unit of the kidney is the __________. 

 The blood supply to the nephron is the afferent arteriole. 

 The blood supply leading directly into the nephron is the __________. 

 The major calyces are the large branches of the renal pelvis. 

 pyramid-shaped structures in the renal medulla 

Anatomy Review: Urinary System

Nephron

Structure of the Nephron

 Under normal resting conditions, the large renal arteries deliver one-fourth of the total cardiac output (about 1200 ml) to the kidneys each minute. 

 Under normal resting conditions, the __________ arteries deliver one-fourth of the total cardiac output (about 1200 ml) to the kidneys each minute. 

 The perirenal fat capsule cushions the kidney and helps attach it to the posterior body wall. 

 The __________ cushions the kidney and helps attach it to the posterior body wall. 

 The renal glomerulus is not continuous with the ureter. 

 The renal cortex is not continuous with the ureter. 

 The renal medulla is not continuous with the ureter. 

 The renal __________ is continuous with the ureter. 

 Nephrons are the structural and functional units of the kidneys. Each kidney contains over 1 million of these tiny blood-processing units, which carry out the processes that form urine. 

 __________ are the structural and functional units of the kidneys, which carry out the processes that form urine. 

 The ureter is the muscular tube that delivers urine to the bladder. 

 Which structure is the muscular tube that delivers urine to the bladder? 

 The darker, reddish-brown renal medulla exhibits cone-shaped tissue masses called medullary, or renal, pyramids. 

 The __________ is the darker, reddish-brown area of the kidney that exhibits cone-shaped tissue masses called renal pyramids. 

 The perirenal fat capsule is a fatty mass that surrounds the kidney and cushions it against blows. The fibrous capsule is a transparent capsule that prevents infections in surrounding regions from spreading to the kidney. 

 The perirenal fat capsule is a transparent capsule that prevents infections in surrounding regions from spreading to the kidney. 

Internal Anatomy of the Kidney and Urine Transport

Nephron Components | Renal System

Basics of Renal Blood Supply and Flow

Kidney Blood Supply - Blood Flow to, Through, and Away from Kidneys

Kidney

Blood Supply to the Kidneys 

 The calyx is first and the urethra is last. The correct sequence is 3, 2, 1, 4, 5. 

 Arrange the following structures to represent the sequence in which urine passes through them to the external environment: (1) ureter, (2) renal pelvis, (3) calyx, (4) urinary bladder, and (5) urethra. 

Kidney Blood Supply

 The renal hilum lies on the medial surface of the kidney. 

 The renal hilum lies on the __________ surface of the kidney. 

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Major renal processes

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