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22. Respiratory System

Lower Respiratory System

22. Respiratory System

Lower Respiratory System

Conducting and respiratory zone structures

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Overview of the Respiratory System, Animation

Overview of the Respiratory System, Animation

Alila Medical Media

Respiratory System, Part 1: Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology #31

Respiratory System, Part 1: Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology #31

ANATOMY OF THE LUNGS

ANATOMY OF THE LUNGS

Respiratory System: Conducting Zone vs. Respiratory Zone

Respiratory System: Conducting Zone vs. Respiratory Zone

Practice this topic

Multiple Choice

The respiratory zone is composed of the trachea and the paranasal sinuses.

Multiple Choice

The __________ are the main site of gas exchange within the lungs.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of the conducting zone of the respiratory tract?

Textbook Question

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. When you exhale, air flows through respiratory structures in which sequence? a. Alveolus, bronchiole, bronchus, larynx, trachea, pharynx, nasal cavity b. Alveolus, trachea, bronchus, bronchiole, larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity c. Alveolus, bronchus, bronchiole, trachea, larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity d. Alveolus, bronchiole, bronchus, trachea, larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity

Has a video solution.

Textbook Question

Surfactant (a) protects the surface of the lungs, (b) phagocytizes small particulates, (c) replaces mucus in the alveoli, (d) helps prevent the alveoli from collapsing, (e) is not found in healthy lung tissue.

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Textbook Question

Which of the following laryngeal cartilages is/are not paired? a. epiglottis, b. arytenoid, c. cricoid, d. cuneiform, e. corniculate.

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Textbook Question

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. When you inhale, the diaphragm a. relaxes and moves inferiorly. b. relaxes and moves superiorly. c. contracts and moves superiorly. d. contracts and moves inferiorly.

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Textbook Question

Air moves into the lungs because (a) the gas pressure in the lungs is less than atmospheric pressure, (b) the volume of the lungs decreases with inspiration, (c) the thorax is muscular, (d) contraction of the diaphragm decreases the volume of the thoracic cavity, (e) the respiratory control center initiates active expansion of the thorax.

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Textbook Question

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Lung collapse is prevented by a. high surface tension of alveolar fluid. b. adhesion of the pleural membranes. c. high pressure in the pleural cavities. d. high elasticity of lung tissue.

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Textbook Question

The glottis closes partway through an exhalation. The abdominal and internal intercostal muscles then contract suddenly, creating pressure that blasts the air out of the respiratory passages. This describes a (a) sneeze, (b) hiccough, (c) cough, (d) laryngeal spasm, (e) gag.

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Textbook Question

Identify the structures of the respiratory system in the figure below: a. ___ b. ___ c. ___ d. ___ e. ___ f. ___ g. ___ h. ___ i. ___

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Textbook Question

The nutrient blood supply of the lungs is provided by a. the pulmonary arteries, b. the aorta, c. the pulmonary veins, d. the bronchial arteries.

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Textbook Question

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Which of the following is not part of the conducting zone of the respiratory system? a. Pharynx b. Alveolar sac c. Trachea d. Secondary bronchioles e. Larynx

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Textbook Question

Distinguish the structures of the upper respiratory system from those of the lower respiratory system.

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Textbook Question

Why is it important that the trachea be reinforced with cartilaginous rings? What is the advantage of the fact that the rings are incomplete posteriorly?

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Textbook Question

List the cartilages of the larynx. What are the functions of each?

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Textbook Question

The trachea has goblet cells that produce mucus. What is the specific protective function of the mucus?

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Textbook Question

Briefly explain the anatomical 'reason' why most men have deeper voices than boys or women.

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Textbook Question

Mr. Alvarez bumped a bee's nest while making repairs on his roof. Not surprisingly, he was promptly stung several times. Because he knew he was allergic to bee stings, he rushed to the hospital. While waiting, he went into a state of shock and had extreme difficulty breathing. Examination showed his larynx to be edematous, and a tracheostomy was performed. Why is edema of the larynx likely to obstruct the airway? What is a tracheostomy, and what purpose does it serve?

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Textbook Question

Trace the route of air from the nares to an alveolus. Name subdivisions of organs where applicable, and differentiate between conducting and respiratory zone structures.

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Textbook Question

Correctly justify the statement 'The bronchioles are to the respiratory system what the arterioles are to the cardiovascular system.'

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Textbook Question

Nineteen-year-old Tyler stumbled into the drugstore gasping for breath. Blood was oozing from a small hole in his chest wall. When the paramedics arrived they said that Tyler had been shot and suffered a pneumothorax and atelectasis. What do both of these terms mean, and how do you explain his respiratory distress? How will it be treated?

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Textbook Question

How are pneumocytes type II involved with keeping the alveoli from collapsing?

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Textbook Question

Which of the following structural changes does not take place as we progress down the bronchial tree?

a. More smooth muscle tissue

b. More goblet cells

c. Less cartilage

d. Decrease in the height of the epithelium

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Textbook Question

All the following statements about the alveoli and respiratory membrane are false. Correct each to make a true statement.

a. Type I alveolar cells secrete a chemical called surfactant.

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Textbook Question

All the following statements about the alveoli and respiratory membrane are false. Correct each to make a true statement.

b. Alveolar macrophages are squamous epithelial cells that constitute 90% of the total cells in the alveoli.

Has a video solution.

Textbook Question

All the following statements about the alveoli and respiratory membrane are false. Correct each to make a true statement.

c. The respiratory membrane consists of the type II alveolar cells, the pulmonary capillaries' endothelial cells, and their shared basal lamina.

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Textbook Question

All the following statements about the alveoli and respiratory membrane are false. Correct each to make a true statement.

d. The respiratory membrane must be thick to function effectively in gas exchange.

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Textbook Question

Fill in the blanks: Air enters the lungs through the hollow passages known collectively as the_____ , which terminate in grapelike clusters called_____. The lungs are encased in the____ membranes.

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Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

a. The trachea contains O-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage.

Has a video solution.

Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. Goblet cells secrete serous fluid into the respiratory tract.

Has a video solution.

Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c. The framework of the larynx is formed by nine pieces of cartilage, the largest of which is the thyroid cartilage.

Has a video solution.

Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

d. The pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of the respiratory tract warms, filters, and humidifies the inspired air.

Has a video solution.

Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

e. The epithelium of the oropharynx changes from stratified columnar epithelium to simple squamous epithelium to enable it to resist abrasion from food.

Has a video solution.

Showing 34 of 34 practice

Larynx, trachea, and bronchi

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Lower Respiratory Tract, Part 1

Lower Respiratory Tract, Part 1

IP: Anatomy Review Animation Respiratory

IP: Anatomy Review Animation Respiratory

Practice this topic

Multiple Choice

The __________ is covered by a mucosa containing taste buds and keeps food out of the lower respiratory passages.

Multiple Choice

The bronchial, or respiratory, tree branches approximately 23 times within the lungs.

Multiple Choice

The elastic cartilage that shields the opening to the larynx during swallowing is the __________.

Multiple Choice

Which tissue lines the trachea?

Multiple Choice

Which respiratory structure has the smallest diameter?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about voice production is INCORRECT?

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of the trachealis muscle?

Showing 7 of 7 practice

Respiratory membrane

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Lower Respiratory tract, Part 2

Lower Respiratory tract, Part 2

IP: Anatomy Review Animation Respiratory

IP: Anatomy Review Animation Respiratory

Practice this topic

Multiple Choice

Henry's law states that when a gas is in contact with a liquid, that gas will dissolve in the liquid in proportion to its partial pressure.

Multiple Choice

Henry's law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures exerted independently by each gas in the mixture.

Multiple Choice

Which substance, produced by type II alveolar cells, decreases alveolar surface tension?

Organs of the respiratory passageways

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Parts of the Respiratory System - Overview

Parts of the Respiratory System - Overview

Dr Matt & Dr Mike

Respiratory System - How The Respiratory System Works

Respiratory System - How The Respiratory System Works

Bronchioles & Alveoli: Histology

Bronchioles & Alveoli: Histology

Osmosis from Elsevier

Trachea, Bronchial Tree and Alveolar Tree (Parts, Structures and Walls) - Anatomy

Trachea, Bronchial Tree and Alveolar Tree (Parts, Structures and Walls) - Anatomy

Respiratory Tree Anatomy - Conducting Zone & Respiratory Zone

Respiratory Tree Anatomy - Conducting Zone & Respiratory Zone

USMLEQA formerly USMLEFastTrack

Showing 5 of 5 videos

Gross structure of the lungs and pleurae

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ANATOMY OF THE LUNGS

ANATOMY OF THE LUNGS

Nucleus Medical Media

Pleura (anatomy)

Pleura (anatomy)

Lungs (Structures, Lobes, Coverings and Recesses) - Anatomy

Lungs (Structures, Lobes, Coverings and Recesses) - Anatomy

Practice this topic

Multiple Choice

The two lungs differ in shape and size.

Multiple Choice

The __________ is the elastic connective tissue found within the lungs.