Using the models of the molecules (black = C, white = H, yellow = S, red = O) determine each of the following for models of compounds 1 and 2: (7.1,7.2, 7.3)1.
2.
c. number of moles in 10.0 g

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the elements in each molecule using the color code: black = C, white = H, yellow = S, red = O.
2. For the first molecule (top), count the number of each type of atom: 1 sulfur (yellow), 2 oxygen (red). This is likely sulfur dioxide (SO2).
3. For the second molecule (bottom), count the number of each type of atom: 5 carbon (black), 5 hydrogen (white), 1 nitrogen (blue). This is likely pyridine (C5H5N).
4. Calculate the molar mass of each compound using the periodic table: SO2 = (1 * atomic mass of S) + (2 * atomic mass of O), C5H5N = (5 * atomic mass of C) + (5 * atomic mass of H) + (1 * atomic mass of N).
5. Determine the number of moles in 10.0 g of each compound using the formula: moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol).

Key Concepts

Molecular Composition

Molecular composition refers to the types and numbers of atoms that make up a molecule. In this context, the colors represent different elements: black for carbon (C), white for hydrogen (H), yellow for sulfur (S), and red for oxygen (O). Understanding the molecular composition is essential for determining the properties and behavior of the compounds represented in the models.

Moles and Molar Mass

A mole is a unit in chemistry that represents 6.022 x 10²³ particles (atoms, molecules, etc.). Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). To find the number of moles in a given mass of a compound, one can use the formula: number of moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol). This concept is crucial for converting between mass and the amount of substance.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the area of chemistry that deals with the relationships between the quantities of reactants and products in chemical reactions. It allows chemists to predict how much of each substance is needed or produced in a reaction. In this question, stoichiometry is applied to determine the number of moles in a specified mass of the compounds represented by the molecular models.