20. Carbohydrates

Lactulose represents a man-made disaccharide that possesses a b-1,4 glycosidic linkage. Determine the two monosaccharide units created from its hydrolysis.

How would you classify the link between the monosaccharides in cellobiose?

Consider the trisaccharide A, B, C shown in Problem 20.23.

a. Identify the hemiacetal and acetal linkages.

Consider the trisaccharide A, B, C shown in Problem 20.23.

c. State the numbers of the carbon atoms that form glycosidic linkages between monosaccharide A and monosaccharide B.

Look at the open-chain form of D-mannose and draw the two glycosidic products that you expect to obtain by reacting D-mannose with methanol.

For each of the following disaccharides, name the glycosidic bond and draw the monosaccharide units produced by hydrolysis:

(a)

Draw the product of the following 1→4 condensation and name the glycosidic bond: 

The structure of sucralose, found in the artificial sweetener Splenda, is shown in the figure. It consists of a chlorinated disaccharide made up of galactose and fructose. In its structure shown, (b) identify the type of glycosidic bond present.

Identify the following reactions as condensation or hydrolysis:

(a) two monosaccharides reacting to form a disaccharide

Name the glycosidic bond present in mannobiose, shown in the following figure:

Write the molecular formula for a carbohydrate containing three carbons.