Sucrose has a molecular mass of 342 daltons. To make a 2-molar (2 M) solution of sucrose, __________.

• A. stir 342 g of sucrose in water to dissolve the sugar, and then add enough water to bring the total volume of the solution to 1 L
• B. stir 684 g of sucrose in water to dissolve the sugar, and then add enough water to bring the total volume of the solution up to 2 L
• C. stir 684 g of sucrose in water to dissolve the sugar, and then add enough water to bring the total volume of the solution up to 0.5 L
• D. stir 342 g of sucrose in water to dissolve the sugar, and then add enough water to bring the total volume of the solution up to 0.5 L

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of molarity: Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is expressed as M = moles of solute / liters of solution.
2. Calculate the number of moles needed for a 2 M solution: Since the problem asks for a 2 M solution, you need 2 moles of sucrose per liter of solution.
3. Determine the mass of sucrose needed for 2 moles: The molecular mass of sucrose is given as 342 daltons (or grams per mole). Therefore, 2 moles of sucrose would weigh 2 * 342 g.
4. Consider the volume of the solution: To make a 2 M solution, the total volume of the solution should be 1 liter. This means you dissolve the calculated mass of sucrose in water and then add enough water to reach a total volume of 1 liter.
5. Apply the calculations to the options: Based on the calculations, the correct procedure involves using 684 g of sucrose (2 moles) and bringing the total volume to 1 liter to achieve a 2 M solution.