The mucosa of the esophagus is lined with ______ squamous epithelium.

• A. transitional
• B. simple
• C. stratified
• D. pseudostratified

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the structure and function of the esophagus: The esophagus is a muscular tube that transports food from the mouth to the stomach. Its mucosa must withstand mechanical stress from food particles during swallowing.
2. Learn about the types of epithelial tissue: Epithelial tissues are classified based on the number of layers and the shape of the cells. For example, simple epithelium has one layer, while stratified epithelium has multiple layers. Squamous epithelium consists of flat, scale-like cells.
3. Determine the type of epithelium suitable for the esophagus: Since the esophagus experiences mechanical abrasion, it requires a protective lining. Stratified squamous epithelium is ideal because its multiple layers provide durability and protection against wear and tear.
4. Compare the options provided: Transitional epithelium is found in areas like the bladder, where stretching occurs. Simple epithelium is a single layer and not suitable for high abrasion areas. Pseudostratified epithelium appears layered but is not truly stratified, and it is typically found in the respiratory tract.
5. Conclude that the correct answer is stratified squamous epithelium, as it is specifically adapted to protect the esophagus from mechanical stress and abrasion.