What is the appropriate respiratory compensation for alkalosis?

• A. Increased oxygen intake to balance pH
• B. Decreased oxygen intake to retain CO2
• C. Increased respiratory rate to expel CO2
• D. Decreased respiratory rate to retain CO2

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of alkalosis: Alkalosis is a condition where the blood pH is higher than normal, indicating a decrease in hydrogen ion concentration.
2. Recognize the role of CO2 in blood pH: Carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood forms carbonic acid, which dissociates into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate, thus affecting the pH level.
3. Identify the body's compensatory mechanism: The respiratory system can adjust the blood pH by altering the rate and depth of breathing to either expel or retain CO2.
4. Determine the appropriate response for alkalosis: Since alkalosis involves a higher pH, the body needs to increase the concentration of hydrogen ions, which can be achieved by retaining CO2.
5. Conclude the respiratory compensation: To retain CO2 and thus increase hydrogen ion concentration, the respiratory rate should be decreased, allowing CO2 to accumulate in the blood and lower the pH back to normal levels.