Which part of the nephron is responsible for filtering blood?

• A. Loop of Henle
• B. Proximal convoluted tubule
• C. Glomerulus
• D. Distal convoluted tubule

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by understanding the structure of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. The nephron is composed of several parts, each with a specific function in the process of urine formation.
2. Identify the role of the glomerulus within the nephron. The glomerulus is a network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It is responsible for filtering blood, removing waste products and excess substances while retaining necessary components like proteins and cells.
3. Recognize that the filtration process occurs in the renal corpuscle, which consists of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. Blood enters the glomerulus through the afferent arteriole, and the filtration barrier allows water, ions, and small molecules to pass into Bowman's capsule, forming the filtrate.
4. Differentiate the glomerulus from other parts of the nephron, such as the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule, which are involved in reabsorption and secretion processes rather than filtration.
5. Conclude that the glomerulus is the correct answer to the question of which part of the nephron is responsible for filtering blood, as it initiates the process of urine formation by filtering the blood.