Articular cartilage found at the ends of long bones serves to:

• A. produce red blood cells
• B. store calcium and phosphate
• C. reduce friction and absorb shock at the joint
• D. connect muscles to bones

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the structure and function of articular cartilage: Articular cartilage is a smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of long bones where they meet to form joints. Its primary role is to facilitate smooth movement and reduce friction between bones during joint motion.
2. Clarify the incorrect options: Articular cartilage does not produce red blood cells (this function is performed by red bone marrow) nor does it store calcium and phosphate (this is a function of the bone matrix). It also does not connect muscles to bones (this is the role of tendons).
3. Focus on the correct function: Articular cartilage reduces friction and absorbs shock at the joint, ensuring smooth movement and protecting the bones from damage during activities like walking, running, or jumping.
4. Relate the function to its composition: Articular cartilage is made of hyaline cartilage, which contains a dense extracellular matrix rich in collagen and proteoglycans. These components provide the tissue with its ability to resist compressive forces and maintain smooth surfaces.
5. Summarize the importance: The role of articular cartilage is critical for joint health. Damage or degeneration of this cartilage, as seen in conditions like osteoarthritis, can lead to pain, stiffness, and impaired movement.