Which anatomical term refers to the prominent indentation on the medial surface of the kidney?

• A. Renal capsule
• B. Renal cortex
• C. Hilum
• D. Renal papilla

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the anatomy of the kidney: The kidney has several distinct structures, including the renal capsule (outer covering), renal cortex (outer layer of tissue), renal papilla (tip of the renal pyramid), and the hilum (indentation on the medial surface).
2. Focus on the term 'prominent indentation on the medial surface': This description refers to a specific anatomical feature where structures such as blood vessels, nerves, and the ureter enter or exit the kidney.
3. Identify the function of the hilum: The hilum is the gateway for the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter, making it a critical structure for kidney function.
4. Compare the options: Renal capsule is the outer protective layer, renal cortex is the outer tissue layer, and renal papilla is the tip of the renal pyramid. None of these match the description of a medial indentation.
5. Conclude that the correct anatomical term for the prominent indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the hilum, based on its location and function.