Which of the following statements is true about the glycocalyx?

• A. The glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-rich area on the cell surface that aids in cell recognition and protection.
• B. The glycocalyx is primarily composed of lipids and proteins that facilitate cell movement.
• C. The glycocalyx is an intracellular structure that stores genetic information.
• D. The glycocalyx is responsible for the synthesis of ATP in the mitochondria.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by understanding the term 'glycocalyx'. The glycocalyx is a structure found on the exterior surface of the cell membrane.
2. Recognize that the glycocalyx is primarily composed of carbohydrates. These carbohydrates are often attached to proteins and lipids on the cell surface.
3. Consider the functions of the glycocalyx. It plays a crucial role in cell recognition, protection, and communication with other cells.
4. Evaluate the given statements: The glycocalyx is not composed of lipids and proteins for cell movement, nor is it an intracellular structure storing genetic information.
5. Understand that the glycocalyx is not involved in ATP synthesis, which occurs in the mitochondria. Therefore, the correct statement is that the glycocalyx aids in cell recognition and protection.