Which of the following stimulates red blood cell production?

• A. Cortisol
• B. Thyroxine
• C. Erythropoietin
• D. Insulin

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of erythropoietin: Erythropoietin is a hormone produced primarily by the kidneys. It plays a crucial role in the production of red blood cells (RBCs) by stimulating the bone marrow.
2. Recognize the physiological trigger: Erythropoietin production is stimulated by low oxygen levels in the blood, a condition known as hypoxia. When the kidneys detect low oxygen levels, they release erythropoietin to increase RBC production.
3. Differentiate between the hormones listed: Cortisol, thyroxine, and insulin have different functions. Cortisol is involved in stress response, thyroxine regulates metabolism, and insulin controls blood glucose levels. None of these directly stimulate RBC production.
4. Identify the correct hormone: Among the options provided, erythropoietin is the hormone specifically responsible for stimulating red blood cell production.
5. Connect the concept to clinical relevance: Understanding erythropoietin's role is important in clinical settings, especially in conditions like anemia or chronic kidney disease, where erythropoietin levels may be altered.