Multiple Choice
In human physiology, what is the primary function of the endocrine system?
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16. The Endocrine System
Introduction to the Endocrine System
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In the context of calcium homeostasis, parathyroid hormone (PTH) is antagonistic to which hormone?
A
Calcitonin
B
Aldosterone
C
Cortisol
D
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in calcium homeostasis: PTH increases blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption, increasing calcium absorption in the intestines, and reducing calcium excretion by the kidneys.
Identify the hormone that has the opposite effect to PTH in calcium regulation: This hormone lowers blood calcium levels by promoting calcium deposition in bones and increasing calcium excretion by the kidneys.
Recall that calcitonin is secreted by the thyroid gland and acts to decrease blood calcium levels, making it antagonistic to PTH.
Recognize that aldosterone, cortisol, and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) primarily regulate other physiological processes such as sodium balance, stress response, and water retention, respectively, and are not directly involved in calcium homeostasis.
Conclude that the hormone antagonistic to PTH in calcium homeostasis is calcitonin.
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