Which of the following correctly lists the sequence of renal tubule segments through which filtrate flows after leaving the glomerular capsule?

• A. Proximal convoluted tubule → Loop of Henle → Distal convoluted tubule → Collecting duct
• B. Distal convoluted tubule → Proximal convoluted tubule → Loop of Henle → Collecting duct
• C. Loop of Henle → Proximal convoluted tubule → Distal convoluted tubule → Collecting duct
• D. Proximal convoluted tubule → Distal convoluted tubule → Loop of Henle → Collecting duct

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the anatomy of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. The nephron consists of the renal corpuscle (including the glomerulus and glomerular capsule) and the renal tubule, which processes the filtrate into urine.
2. Recall the sequence of renal tubule segments. After the filtrate is formed in the glomerular capsule, it flows through the renal tubule in a specific order: Proximal convoluted tubule → Loop of Henle → Distal convoluted tubule → Collecting duct.
3. The proximal convoluted tubule is the first segment of the renal tubule. It is responsible for reabsorbing water, ions, and nutrients from the filtrate.
4. The Loop of Henle follows the proximal convoluted tubule. It has descending and ascending limbs that play a role in concentrating the filtrate by reabsorbing water and salts.
5. The distal convoluted tubule comes after the Loop of Henle and is involved in further reabsorption and secretion. Finally, the filtrate enters the collecting duct, which collects urine from multiple nephrons and transports it to the renal pelvis.