Which organelle is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins within a eukaryotic cell?

• A. Golgi apparatus
• B. Lysosome
• C. Mitochondrion
• D. Nucleus

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Begin by understanding the function of each organelle listed in the options. The Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondrion, and nucleus each have distinct roles within the eukaryotic cell.
2. Step 2: Recall that the Golgi apparatus is primarily responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or use within the cell. Proteins synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum are transported to the Golgi apparatus for further processing.
3. Step 3: Understand the functions of the other organelles to eliminate incorrect options. For example, lysosomes are involved in breaking down waste and cellular debris, mitochondria are responsible for energy production (ATP synthesis), and the nucleus houses genetic material and controls cellular activities.
4. Step 4: Match the function of packaging and modifying proteins to the correct organelle, which is the Golgi apparatus. This organelle is often referred to as the 'post office' of the cell due to its role in processing and shipping proteins.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is the Golgi apparatus, as it aligns with the described function of packaging and modifying proteins within a eukaryotic cell.