In which scenario would a broad-spectrum antibiotic be most appropriate for use?

• A. A patient with a viral infection
• B. A patient with a bacterial infection of unknown origin
• C. A patient with a specific bacterial infection identified by culture
• D. A patient with a confirmed fungal infection

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the purpose of broad-spectrum antibiotics: These are used to target a wide range of bacteria, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, and are particularly useful when the specific bacteria causing an infection have not been identified.
2. Consider the scenario of a viral infection: Antibiotics, including broad-spectrum ones, are ineffective against viruses, so they would not be appropriate in this case.
3. Evaluate the scenario of a bacterial infection of unknown origin: Since the specific bacteria have not been identified, a broad-spectrum antibiotic would be appropriate to cover a wide range of possible bacterial pathogens.
4. Analyze the scenario of a specific bacterial infection identified by culture: In this case, a narrow-spectrum antibiotic targeting the specific bacteria would be more appropriate, as it minimizes disruption to the body's normal flora and reduces the risk of antibiotic resistance.
5. Consider the scenario of a confirmed fungal infection: Antibiotics are not effective against fungi, so antifungal medications would be required instead.