What happens to the hair cells when the basilar membrane vibrates in the ear?

• A. They become rigid and stop vibrating.
• B. They secrete fluid into the cochlea.
• C. They contract and produce sound waves.
• D. They depolarize and send nerve impulses to the brain.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the anatomy of the ear: The basilar membrane is part of the cochlea in the inner ear, which plays a crucial role in the process of hearing.
2. Recognize the function of hair cells: Hair cells are sensory receptors located on the basilar membrane. They are responsible for converting mechanical vibrations into electrical signals.
3. Identify the process of vibration: When sound waves enter the ear, they cause the basilar membrane to vibrate. This movement is crucial for the activation of hair cells.
4. Explain the depolarization of hair cells: As the basilar membrane vibrates, it causes the hair cells to bend. This bending opens ion channels, leading to depolarization of the hair cells.
5. Connect to nerve impulse transmission: The depolarization of hair cells results in the generation of electrical signals, which are then transmitted as nerve impulses through the auditory nerve to the brain, allowing the perception of sound.