Which division of the nervous system is primarily activated during periods of exertion, stress, or emergency?

• A. Sympathetic nervous system
• B. Parasympathetic nervous system
• C. Somatic nervous system
• D. Enteric nervous system

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the divisions of the nervous system: The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The PNS is further divided into the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and somatic nervous system. The ANS controls involuntary functions and is subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.
2. Learn the role of the sympathetic nervous system: The sympathetic division of the ANS is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response, which is activated during periods of exertion, stress, or emergency. It increases heart rate, dilates airways, and redirects blood flow to muscles.
3. Understand the role of the parasympathetic nervous system: The parasympathetic division of the ANS is responsible for 'rest and digest' activities, promoting relaxation and conserving energy by slowing the heart rate and enhancing digestion.
4. Differentiate the somatic nervous system: The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles and is not primarily involved in stress or emergency responses.
5. Clarify the enteric nervous system: The enteric nervous system is a specialized network of neurons that governs the gastrointestinal system and is not directly involved in stress or emergency responses.