The gray matter of the cerebrum forms which of the following?

• A. Corpus callosum
• B. Basal ganglia
• C. Internal capsule
• D. Cerebral cortex

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Begin by understanding the structure of the cerebrum. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is divided into two hemispheres. It contains both gray matter and white matter.
2. Step 2: Recall the definition of gray matter. Gray matter primarily consists of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelinated axons. It is involved in processing and integrating information.
3. Step 3: Identify the cerebral cortex as the outermost layer of the cerebrum. The cerebral cortex is composed of gray matter and is responsible for higher brain functions such as sensory perception, motor control, and cognitive processes.
4. Step 4: Differentiate the cerebral cortex from other structures mentioned in the options. The corpus callosum is a white matter structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain. The basal ganglia are subcortical nuclei involved in motor control, and the internal capsule is a white matter pathway for communication between the cerebrum and other parts of the brain.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the gray matter of the cerebrum forms the cerebral cortex, as it is the outer layer composed of neuronal cell bodies and is distinct from the other structures listed.